The Parisian club has now won the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, Marseille fired twice late to take a surprise advantage. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital leveler in the dying moments to send the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past thirteen years.